Peat has traditionally been used in many bags of multipurpose compost because it holds water well and provides a consistent growing medium. Increasing concern about peatland loss has led to a much wider choice of peat-free alternatives.
Why avoid peat?
Peatlands develop very slowly and store large amounts of carbon. Removing peat damages these habitats and releases stored carbon. For gardeners, choosing peat-free compost is a straightforward way to reduce demand.
What is peat-free compost made from?
Products vary. They may contain composted bark, wood fibre, coir, green compost or mixtures of several materials. Because the ingredients differ, peat-free composts do not all behave in exactly the same way.
Check moisture carefully
Some peat-free mixes can look dry on the surface while remaining moist lower down, while others may dry more quickly than traditional peat compost. Check the compost with a finger rather than watering only by appearance.
Use the right compost for the job
Multipurpose peat-free compost is suitable for many containers and general planting jobs. Seeds and young plants may benefit from a finer seed compost. Acid-loving plants need an appropriate ericaceous product.
Expect products to improve
Peat-free compost has changed considerably as manufacturers have developed new mixtures. If one product does not work well in your garden, it can be worth trying another rather than returning automatically to peat.
Good growing still depends on water, nutrients, drainage and the needs of the plant. Peat-free compost simply provides a different starting material.